Quiz - Chapter 2 - Calisthenics Association

What are the primary functions of the musculoskeletal system?

To regulate body temperature and blood pressure.
To produce hormones and digestive enzymes.
To provide support and mobility to the human body.
To filter waste products from the blood and transport oxygen.

How many individual bones are typically found in an adult human skeleton?

400
300
206
150

Which of the following are components of the axial skeleton?

Skull, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs.
Pelvic girdle and lower limbs.
Clavicle, scapula, and hip bones.
Shoulder girdle and upper limbs.

The appendicular skeleton is primarily comprised of which of the following?

All of the above.
Sternum and ribs.
Skull and vertebral column.
Shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle, and the bones of the limbs.

Long bones, like the femur, are composed of which two forms of osseous tissue?

Marrow and periosteum.
Compact and spongy bone.
Cartilaginous and fibrous bone.
Dense and loose bone.

What is the primary function of osteoblasts in bone physiology?

To synthesize and secrete organic components of the bone matrix.
To transport oxygen and nutrients within the bone.
To break down bone tissue through resorption.
To sense mechanical strain and regulate mineral homeostasis.

Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells responsible for what process in bone remodeling?

Storing calcium and phosphate ions within the bone.
Dissolving mineral crystals and degrading the organic matrix during bone resorption.
Producing collagen and other proteins for bone formation.
Maintaining the surrounding bone matrix and sensing mechanical strain.

Which of the following represents the correct hierarchical organization of skeletal muscle from largest to smallest?

Myofilaments, myofibrils, muscle fibers, fascicles, muscle belly.
Fascicles, muscle belly, muscle fibers, myofilaments, myofibrils.
Muscle fibers, myofibrils, myofilaments, fascicles, muscle belly.
Muscle belly, fascicles, muscle fibers, myofibrils, myofilaments.

Within a sarcomere, what are the thin filaments primarily composed of?

Myosin
Elastin
Actin
Collagen

During the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction, what is the role of calcium ions (Ca²⁺)?

To bind troponin, moving tropomyosin and exposing actin binding sites.
To release acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.
To energize myosin heads for the power stroke.
To re-cover binding sites on actin during muscle relaxation.

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